Summary of Pesticide Use Report Data

1997

Indexed by Chemical

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State of California  Environmental Protection Agency  DEPARTMENT OF PESTICIDE REGULATION  1001 I Street  Sacramento, California 95814-3510   Gray Davis, Governor  Winston H. Hickox  Secretary for Environmental Protection  Paul E. Helliker, Director  Department of Pesticide Regulation

  June 1999 Questions regarding the Summary of Pesticide Use Report Data or information regarding the availability and cost of the computerized database should be directed to: Department of Pesticide Regulation - Environmental Monitoring and Pest Management Branch 1001 I Street, Sacramento, California 95814-3510 Telephone (916) 324-4100

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Summary of Pesticide Use Report Data Indexed by Chemical
Table of Contents

Order Form

I. Introduction

II. Comments and Clarification of Data

III. Data Summary

IV. Trends in Use of Pesticides in Different Categories

V. Summary of Pesticide Use Report Data 1997 Indexed by Chemical
This link downloads the compressed ASCII version. This version does not include figures.  (SEE UNZIP HELP)

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Order Form
In order to continue to make the Summary of Pesticide Use Report Data and the Pesticide Registration Number Book available, it is necessary to charge for the costs of reproduction and mailing. The reports can also be downloaded free of charge from the Department's Home Page (http://www.cdpr.ca.gov).

Beginning with the 1993 reports, the Summary of Pesticide Use Report Data indexed by chemical or commodity are available on floppy disk in ASCII format. Also available is the Annual Pesticide Use Report Data (database) on CD-ROM.

The Summary of Pesticide Use Reports is available in two formats. One report is indexed by chemical and lists the amount of each pesticide used, the commodity on which it was used, the number of applications, and the acres/units treated. The second report is indexed by commodity and lists the chemicals used, the number of applications, amount of pesticides used, and the acres/units treated.

Please use this form to order reports and enclose payment to the address below.

CALIFORNIA PESTICIDE USE REPORT AND REGISTRATION NUMBER BOOK

ORDER FORM

 

Item	Report	Quantity	Amount	Total
603	Summary Report by Commodity 19__ (printed)		$10.00
604	Summary Report by Chemical 19__ (printed)		$10.00
605	Summary Report by Commodity or Chemical 19__  (disk) - please circle one		$ 2.50
606	Registration Number Book (printed)		$ 7.50
607	Registration Number Book (disk)		$ 2.50
608	Annual Pesticide Use Report Data (CD-ROM) 19__ (only 1995 through 1997 available at this time)		$59.00
TOTAL	$

Enclose payment to: Cashier, State of California

NAME ___________________________________________________________________

ADDRESS ________________________________________________________________

CITY _____________________________________ STATE ________ ZIP__________

COMPANY _____________________________________ PHONE ( )____________

 

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I. Introduction

Development and Implementation of the Pesticide Use Reporting System

This 1997 Summary of Pesticide Use Report Data includes agricultural applications and other selected uses reported in California. Under full use reporting, which began in 1990, California became the first state to require reporting of all agricultural pesticide use, including amounts applied and types of crops or places (e.g., structures, roadsides) treated. Commercial applications-including structural fumigation, pest control, and turf applications-must also be reported. The main exceptions to full use reporting are home and garden applications, and most industrial and institutional uses. Pesticide use reporting is explained in more detail below.

This summary data represents a small fraction of the information gathered under full use reporting. The Department of Pesticide Regulation (DPR) uses the data to help estimate dietary risk and to ensure compliance with clean air laws and ground water regulations. Site-specific use report data, combined with geographic data on endangered species habitats, also helps county agricultural commissioners resolve potential pesticide use conflicts. Detailed, individual pesticide use report data may be obtained from DPR for in-depth, analytical purposes.

During 1997, DPR contracted with agricultural commissioners in 56 of the state's 58 counties for the electronic submittal of their pesticide use data to DPR. This accounted for approximately 97 percent of the total reported pesticide usage in the State. As the number of counties participating in this program has increased, quality of the pesticide use data has continued to improve.

Types of Pesticide Applications Reported

Partial reporting of agricultural pesticide use has been in place in California since at least the 1950s. Beginning in 1970, anyone who used restricted materials was required to file a pesticide use report with the county agricultural commissioner. The criteria established to designate a pesticide as a restricted material include hazard to public health, farm workers, domestic animals, honeybees, the environment, wildlife, or other crops. Restricted materials, with certain exceptions, may be possessed or used only by or under the supervision of licensed or certified persons and only in accordance with an annual permit issued by the county agricultural commissioner.

In addition, the State required commercial pest control operators (those in the business of applying pesticides, such as agricultural applicators, structural fumigators, and professional gardeners) to report all pesticides used, whether restricted or nonrestricted. These reports included information about the pesticide applied, when and where the application was made, and the crop involved if the application was in agriculture. The reports were entered into a computerized database and summarized by chemical and crop in annual reports.

With implementation of full use reporting in 1990, the following pesticide uses are required to be reported to the commissioner, who, in turn, reports the data to DPR:

• for the production of any agricultural commodity, except livestock;
• for the treatment of postharvest agricultural commodities;
• for landscape maintenance in parks, golf courses, and cemeteries;
• for roadside and railroad rights-of-way;
• for poultry and fish production;
• any application of a restricted material;
• any application of a pesticide with the potential to pollute ground water (listed in the California Code of Regulations, Title 3, Division 6, Chapter 4, Subchapter 1, Article 1, Section 6800 (b)), when used outdoors in industrial and institutional settings;
• any application by a licensed pest control operator.

The primary exceptions to the use reporting requirements are home and garden use and most industrial and institutional uses.

How Pesticide Data Is Used

The expansion of use reporting was primarily undertaken in response to concerns by many individuals and groups, including government officials, scientists, farmers, legislators, and public interest groups. It was generally acknowledged that more accurate information about pesticide use would provide a better base for evaluating pesticide impacts and making regulatory decisions. Several key areas in which data are proving useful are described.

Risk Assessment

Without information on actual pesticide use, regulatory agencies must assume all planted crop acreage is treated with many pesticides even though most crops are treated with just a few chemicals. If the assumptions used by regulatory agencies are incorrect, regulators could make judgments that are overly cautious by several orders of magnitude. The use report data provides actual use data so DPR can better assess risk and make more realistic risk management decisions.

Worker Health and Safety

Under the reporting regulations, after every pesticide application pest control operators must give farmers a written notice that includes the date and time the application was completed and the restricted-entry and preharvest intervals. The restricted-entry interval is the period required between a pesticide application and when workers may re-enter the field. The preharvest interval is the time between an application and the earliest date the crop may be harvested. Farmers are required to post signs at fields treated with certain pesticides. The signs must include information on pesticide use including when it is safe for workers to re-enter the treated area. Farmers must also make records of pesticide use available to workers. Use reporting makes this information readily available.

DPR's Worker Health and Safety Branch relies on use reporting data when doing exposure assessments, which is a part of the overall risk characterization process. Using this data, scientists can determine typical application rates and how often pesticides are used.

Endangered Species

DPR is working with the county agricultural commissioners to combine site-specific pesticide use data with data on the locations of endangered species. The combined information helps commissioners resolve potential conflicts between pesticide use and the protection of endangered species. Location-specific data on pesticide use brings more accuracy to the evaluation of the possible impact of pesticides on endangered species so that use restrictions can be developed and implemented to protect fish and wildlife.

Protecting Air and Water

In meeting the requirements of the Pesticide Contamination Prevention Act of 1985, site-specific records help track pesticide use in areas that are susceptible to ground water contamination. By reviewing pesticide use data, a determination can be made whether a well became contaminated due to legal agricultural use practices.

With full pesticide use reporting, specific agricultural practices can be pinpointed to help protect surface water as well. This assists DPR in making recommendations on alternate pest control practices that protect surface water while ensuring pest control needs are met.

The federal Clean Air Act requires states to develop plans for reducing the emissions of volatile organic compounds, or VOCs, from all chemicals including pesticide products. VOCs help form smog which is harmful to both human health and vegetation. Accurate data on the amount of VOCs produced by pesticides are critical to developing measures that reduce VOC emissions. Without a state plan, the federal government could use arbitrary assumptions of the smog-contributing potential of pesticides to impose unnecessary restrictions on pesticide use. DPR worked with the State Air Resources Board and the U.S. EPA to develop a plan based on the actual VOC emissions from pesticide products. This was made possible, in part, by accurate use data from full use reporting.

The pesticide use and label databases are often used to assess potential environmental impact in evaluating requests for special local need pesticide registrations or exemptions from registration to respond to emergency pest problems.

II. Comments and Clarification of Data

The following comments and points should be taken into consideration when analyzing data contained in this report:

Terminology

The following terminology is used in this report:

• Number of agricultural applications - Number of applications of a pesticide made to production agriculture. More detailed information is given below under "Number of Applications".

Pounds applied - Number of pounds of an active ingredient.

Unit type - The amount listed in this column is one of the following:

A = Acreage
C = Cubic feet
K = Thousand cubic feet (of commodity treated)
P = Pounds
S = Square feet
T = Tons (of commodity treated)
U = Miscellaneous units (e.g., number of tractors, trees, bins, etc.)

Commodity Codes

DPR uses a database of pesticide product labels to cross-check data entries to determine if the product reported used is registered on the reported commodity. The DPR label database uses a coding system which is based on crop names used by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) to prepare official label language. However, this coding system caused some problems until it was modified in 1990/91.

Problems occur when the label language in the database calls a crop by one name, and the use report uses another. For example, a grower may report a pesticide use on "almonds," but the actual label on the pesticide product-coded into the database-states the pesticide was to be used on "nuts." This causes use data for certain commodities to be listed under more than one category. DPR continues to work on simplification of the crop/commodity codes to achieve a more consistent structure without loss of information in the future reports.

The commodity coding structure also causes some inaccuracies because of confusion among growers. For example, the coding structure differentiates between tomatoes grown for processing and those grown for fresh market use. However, pesticide labels do not make the differentiation and in previous years neither did most growers when filing use reports. However, this practice has been changing, and after 1995 this distinction was usually made.

The commodity "grapes, processed" was renamed "grapes, wine" beginning with 1992 data summary. This change was made to differentiate grapes grown for wine production from all other categories of grapes including table grapes, raisins, grape juice, etc.

Unregistered Use

The report contains several entries which reflect the use of a pesticide on a commodity for which the pesticide is not currently registered. This sometimes occurs because the original use report was in error-either the pesticide or the commodity was inaccurately reported. DPR is continuing to implement methods to identify and reduce these types of reporting errors in future reports. Other instances may occur because by law, growers are sometimes allowed to use stock they have on hand of a pesticide product that has been withdrawn from the market by the manufacturer or suspended or canceled by regulatory authorities.

Other reporting "errors" may occur when a pesticide is applied directly to a site to control a particular pest, but is not applied directly to the crop in the field. A grower may use an herbicide to treat weeds on the edge of a field, a fumigant on bare soil prior to planting, or a rodenticide to treat rodent burrows. For example, reporting the use of the herbicide glyphosate on tomatoes-when it was actually applied to bare soil prior to planting the tomatoes-could be perceived to be an error. Although technically incorrect, recording the data as if the application were made directly to the commodity provides valuable crop usage information for DPR's regulatory program.

Adjuvants

Data on spray adjuvants (including emulsifiers, wetting agents, foam suppressants, and other efficacy enhancers), not reported prior to full use reporting, are now included. Examples of these types of chemicals include the "alkyls" and some petroleum distillates. (Adjuvants are exempt from federal registration requirements, but must be registered as pesticides in California.)

Zero Pounds Applied

There are a few entries in this report in which the total pounds applied for certain active ingredients are displayed as zero. This is because the chemical (active ingredient) made up a very small percentage of the formulated product that was used. When these products are applied in extremely low quantities and taking into account that the calculations are rounded to two decimal places, the resulting value of the active ingredient is too low to register an amount.

Acres Treated

The summary information in this annual report cannot be used to determine the total number of acres of a crop to which pesticides were applied during the year. Sometimes the product used contains more than one active ingredient. (In any pesticide product, the active ingredient is the component which kills, or otherwise controls, target pests. A pesticide product is made up of one or more active ingredients, as well as one or more inert ingredients.) For example, if a 20-acre field is treated with a product that contains three different pesticide active ingredients, a use report is filed by the farmer correctly recording the application of a single pesticide product to 20 acres. However, in the summary tables, the three different active ingredients will each have recorded 20 acres treated. Adding these values results in a total of 60 acres as being treated instead of the 20 acres actually treated. A similar problem occurs when the same field is treated more than once with the same active ingredient.  

Number of Applications

The values for number of applications include only production agricultural applications. Applicators are required to submit one of two basic types of use reports, a production agricultural report or a monthly summary report. The production agricultural report must include information for each application; the monthly summary report, for all other uses, includes only monthly totals for all applications of each pesticide, site or commodity, and applicator. The total number of applications in the monthly summary reports are not consistently given, so they were not included in the totals in this annual report. In the previous annual PUR reports, each monthly summary report was counted as one application.

Also, in the annual summary table by commodity, the total number of applications given for each commodity may not equal the sum of all applications of each active ingredient on that commodity. The reason is, as explained above, some pesticide products contain more than one active ingredient. If the number of applications were added for each active ingredient in such a product then the total number of applications would be more than one, even though only one application of the product was made. The totals given in the annual summary table takes into such multiple active ingredient products and counts each as only one application.

Outliers

In calculating the total pounds of pesticides used in these tables, DPR excluded values for rates of use which were so large they were probably in error. Errors occur, for example, when those reporting pesticide use shift decimal points during data entry. DPR specialists spent more than a year developing, testing, and implementing software to detect probable errors (outliers). Pesticide rates were considered outliers if (1) they were higher than 200 pounds of active ingredient per acre (or greater than 1,000 pounds per acre for fumigants); (2) they were 50 times larger than the median rate for all uses with the same pesticide product, crop treated, unit treated, and record type (that is, production agricultural or all other use); or (3) they were higher than a value determined by a neural network procedure that approximates what a group of 12 scientists believed were obvious outliers. Although these criteria removed less than one percent of the rate values in the PUR, some rates were so large that if included in the sums, they would have significantly affected total pounds applied of some pesticides. We excluded these probable errors not only from the 1997 summary data, but also from all previous years of the PUR (1991 to 1997) in the trend summaries described below.

III. Data Summary

This report is a summary of data submitted to DPR. Not all the data have been entered for 1997 because some records contained errors that need correction; however, more than 99% of the data are included. DPR will produce a final dataset by December 1999. Because outlier values were excluded from previous years' data, the total pounds given here differs from pesticide use summary reports before 1996. The revised numbers more accurately reflect the total pounds applied.

Pesticide Use In California

In 1997, there were 204,779,717 pounds of pesticide active ingredients reported used in California. Annual use has varied from year to year since full use reporting was implemented in 1990 (Table 1). Reported pesticide use was 167 million pounds in 1990, 153 million pounds in 1991, 180 million pounds in 1992, 188 million pounds in 1993, 191 million pounds in 1994, 205 million pounds in 1995, and 198 million pounds in 1996. Such variances are and will continue to be a normal occurrence. These fluctuations can be attributed to a variety of factors, including changes in planted acreage, crop plantings, pest pressures, and weather conditions. For example, extremely heavy rains result in excessive weeds, thus more pesticides may be used; and drought conditions may result in fewer planted acres, thus less pesticide may be used.

As in previous years, the greatest pesticide use occurred in California's San Joaquin Valley (Table 2). The five counties with the most pounds used were Fresno, Kern, Tulare, San Joaquin, and Merced.

Table 1. Data for pounds of pesticide active ingredients used from 1994-1997 break down into the following general use categories:

	Pounds Reported Used
Category	1994	1995	1996	1997
Production agriculture	175,408,663	187,577,922	182,375,369	189,796,122
Postharvest commodity treatment	2,004,123	3,770,169	1,847,859	1,608,996
Structural pest control	5,186,253	4,839,368	4,738,168	5,184,905
Landscape maintenance	1,325,560	1,382,563	1,259,332	1,231,788
All others 1	7,430,770	7,563,928	7,607,753	6,957,906
TOTAL	191,355,369	205,133,950	197,828,481	204,779,717

¹Included in "All Others" are pesticide applications reported in the following general categories: pest control on rights-of-way; public health which includes mosquito abatement work; vertebrate pest control; fumigation of nonfood and nonfeed materials, such as lumber, furniture, etc.; pesticides used in research; and regulatory pest control used in ongoing control and/or eradication of pest infestations.

Table 2. The total pounds of pesticide active ingredients applied in each county during 1997.

	Pounds			Pounds			Pounds
County	Applied		County	Applied		County	Applied
Alameda	273,260		Marin	61,685		San Luis Obispo	2,431,078
Alpine	121		Mariposa	29,746		San Mateo	421,002
Amador	134,703		Mendocino	2,087,056		Santa Barbara	3,875,940
Butte	3,738,988		Merced	9,180,264		Santa Clara	740,533
Calaveras	46,626		Modoc	337,467		Santa Cruz	1,727,669
Colusa	2,397,875		Mono	802		Shasta	343,527
Contra Costa	583,426		Monterey	9,102,605		Sierra	17,637
Del Norte	246,137		Napa	2,842,708		Siskiyou	440,817
El Dorado	126,461		Nevada	83,289		Solano	2,099,728
Fresno	35,110,883		Orange	1,831,976		Sonoma	3,899,566
Glenn	2,683,853		Placer	362,619		Stanislaus	5,840,179
Humboldt	60,710		Plumas	2,743		Sutter	3,970,538
Imperial	8,484,339		Riverside	4,339,486		Tehama	1,047,197
Inyo	5,228		Sacramento	3,730,460		Trinity	9,358
Kern	25,658,041		San Benito	609,220		Tulare	18,169,446
Kings	6,678,449		San Bernardino	527,074		Tuolumne	54,349
Lake	1,278,845		San Diego	1,858,600		Ventura	6,767,975
Lassen	39,238		San Francisco	24,607		Yolo	3,380,169
Los Angeles	2,746,429		San Joaquin	11,882,252		Yuba	1,790,719
Madera	8,564,020
						State Total	204,779,717

Pesticide Sales In California

Reported pesticide applications are only a portion of the pesticides sold each year. Typically, about two-thirds of the pesticide active ingredients sold in a given year are not subject to use reporting. Examples of non-reported active ingredients are chlorine and home use pesticide products.

There were approximately 653.9 million pounds of pesticide active ingredients sold in California in 1997; 699.5 million pounds in 1996; 543.1 million pounds in 1995; and 627.9 million pounds in 1994.

In addition, it should be noted that the pounds of pesticides used and the number of applications are not necessarily accurate indicators of the extent of pesticide use or, conversely, the extent of use of reduced-risk pest management methods. For example, farmers may make a number of small-scale "spot" applications targeted at problem areas rather than one treatment of a large area. They may replace a more toxic pesticide used at one pound per acre with a less hazardous compound that must be applied at several pounds per acre. Either of these scenarios could increase the number of applications and amount of pounds used without indicating an increased reliance on pesticides.

IV. Trends in Use of Pesticides in Certain Pesticide Categories The following tables and figures summarize use trends of currently registered pesticide active ingredients in five different categories. The categories are:

1. currently registered active ingredients listed on the State's Proposition 65 list of chemicals "known to cause reproductive toxicity";
2. currently registered active ingredients listed by U.S. EPA as B2 carcinogens or on the State's Proposition 65 list of chemicals "known to cause cancers";
3. pesticides that are cholinesterase inhibitors, that is, organophosphate and carbamate chemicals;
4. pesticides on the groundwater protection list [California Code of Regulations, Title 3, Division 6, Chapter 4, Subchapter 1, Article 1, Section 6800(a)] and norflurazon, which DPR is recommending be listed as a restricted material;
5. pesticides from the toxic air contaminants list (California Code of Regulations, Title 3, Division 6, Chapter 4, Subchapter 1, Article 1, Section 6860).

Pesticide use is given by the number of pounds of active ingredient and the total number of acres treated. The data for pounds include both agricultural and non-agricultural applications; the data for acres are primarily agricultural applications. The number of acres treated means the cumulative number of acres treated; the acres treated in each application are summed even when the same field is sprayed more than once in a year. The "active ingredient" is the component in the pesticide product that kills or otherwise controls the target pest. The data were prepared by running queries on DPR's pesticide use reporting (PUR) database

To improve data quality, records considered probable errors (outliers) were removed from the PUR database. Errors can occur, for example, when those reporting pesticide use shift decimal points during data entry. This involved the development of complex error checking procedures, a data improvement process which is ongoing.

Table 3A. The reported pounds of pesticides used which are on the State's Proposition 65 list of chemicals "know to cause reproductive toxicity." Use is given for each year from 1991 to 1997. Use includes both agricultural and non-agricultural applications. Data are from the Department of Pesticide Regulation's Pesticide Use Reports with probable errors removed.

Active Ingredient	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997
1080	1	<1	<1	<1	<1	1	<1
AMITRAZ	5,834	8,953	4,877	70,363	75,018	55,459	66,439
ARSENIC PENTOXIDE	201,059	262,017	150,200	86,445	83,814	205,089	64,372
ARSENIC TRIOXIDE	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1
BENOMYL	116,961	125,777	536,594	141,586	189,943	148,433	114,406
BROMOXYNIL OCTANOATE	79,023	106,724	112,643	127,154	119,407	148,480	115,368
CYANAZINE	275,809	340,945	501,962	532,688	641,057	566,633	470,838
CYCLOATE	44,451	49,041	51,715	51,035	49,138	44,628	55,459
DICLOFOP-METHYL	12,021	30,616	23,082	38,276	16,540	79,874	41,130
DISODIUM CYANODITHIOIMIDO CARBONATE	<1	0	0	0	0	0	0
EPTC	747,253	641,581	698,176	765,576	660,185	703,996	579,245
ETHYLENE OXIDE	29	7	1,471	3	0	0	0
FENOXAPROP ETHYL	0	0	0	5,023	3,731	3,974	3,895
FLUAZIFOP-BUTYL	12,660	18,361	21,356	19,772	20,451	15,095	15,253
HYDRAMETHYLNON	114	145	142	227	807	1,741	5,456
LINURON	64,063	73,577	230,827	79,950	84,937	84,335	84,621
METAM-SODIUM	4,873,276	8,554,646	8,588,969	11,122,361	14,975,528	15,253,924	14,969,732
METHYL BROMIDE	17,578,480	18,051,774	14,115,900	16,607,324	17,165,964	16,022,069	15,663,832
MYCLOBUTANIL	40,394	57,288	86,712	69,941	85,525	89,087	94,375
NABAM	0	4	0	8	1	0	0
NICOTINE	3,259	898	457	457	228	298	258
NITRAPYRIN	605	332	175	150	639	114	49
OXADIAZON	17,179	18,122	19,269	20,488	21,458	25,260	23,196
OXYDEMETON-METHYL	115,179	118,285	117,416	111,347	120,101	106,612	115,781
OXYTHIOQUINOX	5,347	6,829	6,207	4,474	7,172	6,204	2,709
POTASSIUM DIMETHYL DITHIO CARBAMATE	0	0	21	47	0	0	15
RESMETHRIN	3,101	1,519	1,720	1,069	856	661	594
SODIUM DIMETHYL DITHIO CARBAMATE	0	4	0	337	1	0	0
STREPTOMYCIN SULFATE	0	1,988	5,110	6,165	9,619	9,494	9,605
TAU-FLUVALINATE	3,944	4,632	3,730	4,723	3,787	4,137	3,040
TRIADIMEFON	45,968	48,645	29,699	24,147	20,692	17,370	12,204
VINCLOZOLIN	42,626	41,221	37,550	33,661	48,270	60,286	46,908
WARFARIN	1	1	1	<1	<1	1	1
BROMOXYNIL HEPTANOATE	0	0	0	0	0	0	9
LITHIUM HYPOCHLORITE	0	0	0	0	0	0	1
Total	24,288,640	28,563,933	25,345,982	29,924,796	34,404,869	33,653,254	32,558,793

Table 3B. The reported cumulative acres treated with pesticides which are on the State's Proposition 65 list of chemicals "know to cause reproductive toxicity." Use is given for each year from 1991 to 1997. Use includes primarily agricultural applications. The total for acres treated is less than the sum of acres for all active ingredients because some products contain more than one active ingredient. Data are from the Department of Pesticide Regulation's Pesticide Use Reports with probable errors removed.

Active Ingredient	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997
1080	241	<1	<1	53	32	25	<1
AMITRAZ	4,126	6,327	3,391	137,434	174,867	129,857	161,651
ARSENIC PENTOXIDE	<1	103	<1	660	<1	<1	<1
ARSENIC TRIOXIDE	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1
BENOMYL	217,799	256,653	278,444	271,289	360,931	310,563	245,687
BROMOXYNIL OCTANOATE	153,791	222,988	204,241	245,715	224,276	277,062	224,250
CYANAZINE	154,286	206,875	263,463	284,812	365,520	325,627	288,087
CYCLOATE	21,806	23,172	21,600	22,571	20,685	19,597	25,986
DICLOFOP-METHYL	15,406	41,919	27,457	47,273	19,314	89,276	47,217
DISODIUM CYANODITHIOIMIDO CARBONATE	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1
EPTC	282,029	238,804	246,970	273,441	241,587	232,820	208,093
ETHYLENE OXIDE	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1
FENOXAPROP ETHYL	<1	<1	<1	33,712	24,153	25,540	24,439
FLUAZIFOP-BUTYL	64,702	78,596	88,357	90,378	80,726	58,367	54,192
HYDRAMETHYLNON	<1	<1	2	<1	3	36	35
LINURON	71,368	87,584	111,535	97,887	105,284	104,772	110,067
METAM-SODIUM	63,583	135,606	136,218	183,625	199,457	215,899	198,395
METHYL BROMIDE	103,092	124,739	89,220	106,694	107,933	96,507	103,068
MYCLOBUTANIL	426,456	574,972	859,361	692,036	841,178	814,268	866,360
NABAM	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1
NICOTINE	2,789	2,005	348	382	237	167	128
NITRAPYRIN	1,277	698	434	261	1,493	147	105
OXADIAZON	2,706	1,317	1,094	1,812	2,400	2,213	1,832
OXYDEMETON-METHYL	238,216	235,570	235,013	226,433	253,868	220,824	244,056
OXYTHIOQUINOX	8,040	9,407	9,227	6,410	10,000	8,768	5,896
POTASSIUM DIMETHYL DITHIO CARBAMATE	0	<1	<1	6	<1	<1	<1
RESMETHRIN	317	398	512	419	222	144	182
SODIUM DIMETHYL DITHIO CARBAMATE	0	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1
STREPTOMYCIN SULFATE	<1	19,260	49,236	58,703	84,111	84,999	89,336
TAU-FLUVALINATE	21,522	21,690	24,386	26,578	19,771	22,156	18,387
TRIADIMEFON	303,307	330,965	165,472	132,295	118,746	100,142	59,229
VINCLOZOLIN	68,951	59,653	49,042	49,519	66,672	82,968	67,373
WARFARIN	309	493	112	192	151	541	382
BROMOXYNIL HEPTANOATE	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	36
LITHIUM HYPOCHLORITE	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1
Total	2,226,118	2,679,795	2,865,133	2,990,591	3,323,617	3,223,288	3,044,472

Table 4A. The reported pounds of pesticides used that are listed by U.S. EPA as B2 carcinogens, or that are on the State's Proposition 65 list of chemicals "known to cause cancer." Use is given for each year from 1991 to 1997. Use includes both agricultural and non-agricultural applications. Data are from the Department of Pesticide Regulation's Pesticide Use Reports with probable errors removed.

Active Ingredient	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997
1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE	13,555	23,998	47,694	2,122	409,821	1,956,846	2,400,930
ACIFLUORFEN, SODIUM SALT	<1	17	6	1	6	11	29
ALACHLOR	88,586	82,046	44,957	42,854	41,119	45,733	51,259
ARSENIC ACID	98,800	72,182	13,014	27,571	37,206	53,777	59,835
ARSENIC PENTOXIDE	201,059	262,017	150,200	86,445	83,814	205,089	64,372
ARSENIC TRIOXIDE	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1
CACODYLIC ACID	26,044	37,928	51,314	43,685	43,275	31,417	26,060
CAPTAN	253,452	295,542	483,507	608,658	734,314	918,588	799,878
CHLOROTHALONIL	656,775	824,171	826,918	832,288	1,125,790	1,053,319	779,328
CHROMIC ACID	279,852	364,900	209,555	120,822	117,092	286,521	89,931
CREOSOTE	318,174	304,448	479,417	871,469	444,461	491,044	259,086
DAMINOZIDE	7,696	7,636	7,763	6,775	6,763	7,944	11,028
DDVP	5,466	5,224	3,331	4,798	6,063	13,097	13,636
DIPROPYL ISOCINCHOMERONATE	<1	10	<1	2	1	3	<1
ETHYLENE OXIDE	29	7	1,471	3	0	0	0
FENOXYCARB	683	1,194	1,928	1,492	1,673	712	65
FOLPET	3	1	3	3	2	<1	<1
FORMALDEHYDE	271,663	5,094	13,322	11,864	153,519	334,548	403,824
IPRODIONE	350,363	373,968	452,112	431,318	564,127	520,763	424,338
LINDANE	8,590	8,208	9,715	5,281	4,507	4,576	5,388
MANCOZEB	283,715	336,371	446,086	464,924	659,240	567,866	526,364
MANEB	352,155	464,469	625,326	912,903	1,257,122	1,328,318	1,081,124
METAM-SODIUM	4,873,276	8,554,646	8,588,969	11,122,361	14,975,528	15,253,924	14,969,732
MINERAL OIL	961,252	2,156,201	2,709,864	3,444,484	3,350,535	4,797,876	5,542,530
ORTHO-PHENYLPHENOL, SODIUM SALT	36,658	64,940	63,741	46,825	30,830	33,539	25,389
OXADIAZON	17,179	18,122	19,269	20,488	21,458	25,260	23,196
OXYTHIOQUINOX	5,347	6,829	6,207	4,474	7,172	6,204	2,709
PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE	108	82	37	3	2	4	3
PCP	196,252	107,946	91,123	40	3	3	8
PETROLEUM DISTILLATES	2,571,237	2,763,671	3,200,539	2,279,777	2,459,518	1,711,402	1,798,960
PETROLEUM DISTILLATES, REFINED	91	10,842	21,107	63,524	45,967	38,396	45,094
PETROLEUM OIL, UNCLASSIFIED	17,732,970	18,632,896	21,757,068	19,674,078	18,688,068	20,063,969	24,633,269
POTASSIUM DICHROMATE	2,458	1,705	106	596	380	41	50
PROPARGITE	1,291,184	1,702,328	1,653,855	1,742,736	1,770,065	1,743,278	1,816,028
PROPOXUR	4,374	3,187	2,674	2,667	3,296	1,341	1,760
PROPYLENE OXIDE	111,919	131,091	34,764	41,815	131,593	224,495	198,559
PROPYZAMIDE	118,828	109,266	110,123	111,797	113,761	106,811	99,292
SILICA AEROGEL	26,896	8,525	10,052	14,245	12,599	16,216	10,780
SODIUM DICHROMATE	0	0	0	0	0	180,478	182,185
THIODICARB	0	0	<1	0	13,679	122,927	156,002
Total	31,166,688	37,741,708	42,137,139	43,045,192	47,314,368	52,146,335	56,502,023

Table 4B. The reported cumulative acres treated in California with pesticides that are listed by U.S. EPA as B2 carcinogens, or that are on the State's Proposition 65 list of chemicals "known to cause cancer." Use is given for each year from 1991 to 1997. Use includes primarily agricultural applications. The total for acres treated is less than the sum of acres for all active ingredients because some products contain more than one active ingredient. Data from the Department of Pesticide Regulation's Pesticide Use Reports with probable errors removed.

Active Ingredient	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997
1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE	91	447	823	33	4,174	17,223	22,193
ACIFLUORFEN, SODIUM SALT	<1	4	7	2	8	<1	<1
ALACHLOR	33,312	27,472	17,637	16,135	15,359	18,181	19,059
ARSENIC ACID	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1
ARSENIC PENTOXIDE	<1	103	<1	660	<1	<1	<1
ARSENIC TRIOXIDE	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1
CACODYLIC ACID	206,243	283,516	326,027	304,060	315,336	251,414	192,816
CAPTAN	127,668	134,103	212,563	244,164	295,860	381,989	347,631
CHLOROTHALONIL	382,812	517,695	535,201	517,357	674,126	674,086	492,219
CHROMIC ACID	<1	103	<1	660	<1	<1	<1
CREOSOTE	2	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1
DAMINOZIDE	2,941	3,113	3,262	2,692	2,659	2,653	3,512
DDVP	5,530	2,960	683	1,888	1,887	1,499	2,596
DIPROPYL ISOCINCHOMERONATE	<1	<1	2	50	10	<1	<1
ETHYLENE OXIDE	<1	<1	<1	<1	0	0	0
FENOXYCARB	30	674	1	5	11	5	<1
FOLPET	<1	<1	3	<1	<1	1	2
FORMALDEHYDE	106	68	132	15	137	234	12
IPRODIONE	549,994	582,227	721,086	656,402	886,077	804,311	666,336
LINDANE	21,409	21,737	26,921	22,984	19,380	25,352	36,573
MANCOZEB	148,643	186,333	262,758	273,836	405,494	351,801	284,134
MANEB	216,990	290,011	373,116	512,009	652,122	731,079	624,123
METAM-SODIUM	63,583	135,606	136,218	183,625	199,457	215,899	198,395
MINERAL OIL	56,464	74,016	84,845	130,688	144,413	190,550	191,954
ORTHO-PHENYLPHENOL, SODIUM SALT	733	111	52	88	47	652	<1
OXADIAZON	2,706	1,317	1,094	1,812	2,400	2,213	1,832
OXYTHIOQUINOX	8,040	9,407	9,227	6,410	10,000	8,768	5,896
PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1
PCP	1	1	<1	2	<1	15	4
PETROLEUM DISTILLATES	194,740	303,898	304,055	340,671	440,375	378,714	308,206
PETROLEUM DISTILLATES, REFINED	8	540	1,809	4,173	3,976	5,145	6,146
PETROLEUM OIL, UNCLASSIFIED	601,456	597,185	631,281	603,690	703,859	663,575	811,902
POTASSIUM DICHROMATE	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1
PROPARGITE	767,907	1,006,602	952,438	1,030,485	1,052,358	980,963	989,265
PROPOXUR	2	8	<1	14	5	9	73
PROPYLENE OXIDE	<1	10	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1
PROPYZAMIDE	165,848	156,702	156,678	157,829	155,773	150,791	140,791
SILICA AEROGEL	5	<1	<1	1	1	1	5
SODIUM DICHROMATE	0	0	0	0	0	<1	<1
THIODICARB	0	0	<1	0	22,785	176,788	223,154
Total	3,541,512	4,321,391	4,739,268	4,992,214	5,991,500	6,012,079	5,536,412

Table 5A. The reported pounds of cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticide active ingredients in California. These pesticides are the currently registered organophosphate and carbamate active ingredients. Use is given for each year from 1991 to 1997. Use includes both agricultural and non-agricultural applications. Data are from the Department of Pesticide Regulation's Pesticide Use Reports with probable errors removed.

Active Ingredient	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997
3-IODO-2-PROPYNYL BUTYL CARBAMATE	<1	0	<1	0	0	<1	0
ACEPHATE	346,072	380,706	331,453	371,862	458,012	355,350	343,840
ALDICARB	190,707	164,291	237,382	225,973	354,500	545,117	530,066
AZINPHOS METHYL	478,506	520,356	474,748	418,935	406,230	406,099	336,353
BENDIOCARB	16,218	20,150	9,740	4,431	1,526	1,674	259
BENSULIDE	73,225	57,944	55,639	64,796	69,271	94,587	129,784
BUTYLATE	71,571	90,218	121,979	108,686	67,179	87,612	84,268
CARBARYL	935,071	775,078	773,404	820,787	835,811	809,794	753,801
CARBOFURAN	320,489	287,629	289,581	278,108	242,999	220,622	183,321
CHLORPROPHAM	3,451	3,953	5,448	3,000	3,230	3,015	2,057
CHLORPYRIFOS	2,024,872	2,536,605	2,246,121	2,887,838	3,385,416	2,687,809	3,152,564
CYCLOATE	44,451	49,041	51,715	51,035	49,138	44,628	55,459
DDVP	5,466	5,224	3,331	4,798	6,063	13,097	13,636
DESMEDIPHAM	9,620	10,430	8,956	8,588	8,465	6,092	6,188
DIAZINON	949,751	1,306,574	1,412,733	1,358,358	1,216,935	1,093,121	955,108
DIMETHOATE	687,998	635,778	586,300	671,948	583,498	419,807	515,798
DISULFOTON	173,463	176,216	151,010	134,600	95,972	142,372	128,335
EPTC	747,253	641,581	698,176	765,576	660,185	703,996	579,245
ETHEPHON	807,506	608,613	859,439	848,134	982,776	951,415	882,802
ETHOPROP	77,274	41,512	62,143	51,270	51,104	27,955	23,842
FENAMIPHOS	182,331	186,312	232,396	178,781	187,242	189,379	156,280
FENTHION	1,298	1,089	146	186	413	141	176
FONOFOS	66,346	58,213	55,991	73,167	74,936	67,969	50,555
FORMETANATE HYDROCHLORIDE	173,892	200,592	182,061	152,622	104,012	106,168	97,907
MALATHION	869,360	779,204	708,469	749,317	801,496	673,379	773,782
METHAMIDOPHOS	309,889	283,562	330,178	240,959	500,055	260,255	312,067
METHIDATHION	323,457	385,998	451,826	367,447	321,605	328,328	309,154
METHIOCARB	6,247	4,613	3,686	4,126	2,672	2,120	4,769
METHOMYL	596,848	571,743	528,545	707,814	807,977	679,383	833,758
METHYL PARATHION	71,108	102,730	154,452	129,155	140,469	130,614	153,187
MOLINATE	1,133,846	1,375,411	1,518,002	1,496,227	1,377,257	1,356,258	1,170,699
NALED	171,127	160,012	180,642	457,723	700,676	351,267	615,314
OXAMYL	59,035	70,894	71,478	73,440	66,179	82,327	119,441
OXYDEMETON-METHYL	115,179	118,285	117,416	111,347	120,101	106,612	115,781
PEBULATE	281,591	219,766	191,529	235,690	244,181	202,634	184,015
PHENMEDIPHAM	9,706	10,632	9,062	8,863	8,771	6,612	6,621
PHORATE	193,982	217,399	151,250	159,146	135,887	160,854	139,725
PHOSMET	275,532	258,465	204,157	189,415	266,349	395,160	566,484
PROFENOFOS	6,595	39,708	51,239	263,884	245,420	184,264	150,575
PROPAMOCARB HYDROCHLORIDE	0	0	0	0	0	16,341	10,215
PROPETAMPHOS	32,886	24,235	23,804	38,307	77,985	23,249	17,338
PROPOXUR	4,374	3,187	2,674	2,667	3,296	1,341	1,760
S,S,S-TRIBUTYL PHOSPHOROTRITHIOATE	798,052	757,765	920,837	892,441	866,726	760,809	626,684
SODIUM DIMETHYL DITHIO CARBAMATE	0	4	0	337	1	0	0
SULFOTEP	897	1,199	1,141	1,000	509	316	355
SULPROFOS	10,255	1,370	236	876	171	0	119
TETRACHLORVINPHOS	18,924	27,270	8,247	10,051	7,118	7,056	6,044
THIOBENCARB	73,164	175,805	252,423	406,085	559,610	618,412	894,287
THIODICARB	0	0	<1	0	13,679	122,927	156,002
TRICHLORFON	7,090	4,236	5,607	4,275	4,552	3,327	3,843
Total	13,755,975	14,351,598	14,736,792	16,034,073	17,117,657	15,451,662	16,153,664

Table 5B. The reported cumulative acres treated with cholinesterase-inhibiting pesticide active ingredients in California. These pesticides are the currently registered organophosphate and carbamate active ingredients. Use is given for each year from 1991 to 1997. Use includes primarily agricultural applications. The total for acres treated is less than the sum of acres for all active ingredients because some products contain more than one active ingredient. Data are from the Department of Pesticide Regulation's Pesticide Use Reports with probable errors removed.

Active Ingredient	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997
3-IODO-2-PROPYNYL BUTYL CARBAMATE	<1	0	<1	0	0	<1	0
ACEPHATE	380,205	394,165	328,012	402,643	489,259	406,607	372,566
ALDICARB	195,378	153,672	254,372	256,428	355,717	490,499	442,029
AZINPHOS METHYL	362,047	357,655	324,769	293,466	274,347	277,745	233,406
BENDIOCARB	2,460	2,268	1,661	1,574	499	188	19
BENSULIDE	27,085	17,545	15,239	17,446	22,489	31,916	45,795
BUTYLATE	15,899	19,777	24,957	23,105	14,864	17,689	17,572
CARBARYL	290,073	322,588	285,046	291,147	305,452	312,058	292,721
CARBOFURAN	465,526	393,594	397,071	460,647	449,507	364,150	322,064
CHLORPROPHAM	187	118	482	20	<1	4	26
CHLORPYRIFOS	1,119,058	1,130,628	1,163,147	1,910,520	2,824,142	1,869,874	2,223,551
CYCLOATE	21,806	23,172	21,600	22,571	20,685	19,597	25,986
DDVP	5,530	2,960	683	1,888	1,887	1,499	2,596
DESMEDIPHAM	53,139	59,693	58,486	62,171	71,577	51,183	61,368
DIAZINON	692,487	792,397	828,003	878,221	752,898	680,947	530,355
DIMETHOATE	1,267,141	1,031,266	1,005,411	1,205,884	1,193,214	955,445	1,097,751
DISULFOTON	144,397	155,955	127,555	114,949	87,291	147,078	124,319
EPTC	282,029	238,804	246,970	273,441	241,587	232,820	208,093
ETHEPHON	768,964	555,613	727,925	704,394	806,425	776,247	700,941
ETHOPROP	9,224	5,113	7,062	5,767	5,470	3,139	3,213
FENAMIPHOS	103,512	107,492	142,914	114,333	112,249	111,729	97,013
FENTHION	13	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1
FONOFOS	56,882	47,038	50,046	58,852	59,041	55,207	36,123
FORMETANATE HYDROCHLORIDE	166,305	180,958	170,117	141,203	100,837	103,521	95,544
MALATHION	448,833	403,997	357,210	401,037	425,062	363,635	410,658
METHAMIDOPHOS	415,188	441,648	284,160	199,314	418,703	313,618	263,816
METHIDATHION	277,473	317,536	315,398	255,006	231,930	245,914	200,528
METHIOCARB	11,694	8,655	4,853	3,394	2,129	1,511	2,906
METHOMYL	1,145,546	969,920	932,435	1,215,586	1,425,295	1,145,115	1,376,868
METHYL PARATHION	126,351	135,774	171,353	137,691	129,976	125,729	125,638
MOLINATE	292,711	350,994	388,852	384,031	348,465	357,239	317,680
NALED	160,356	175,023	167,034	473,011	702,155	338,861	604,615
OXAMYL	106,355	97,332	106,553	115,085	106,205	122,353	176,793
OXYDEMETON-METHYL	238,216	235,570	235,013	226,433	253,868	220,824	244,056
PEBULATE	94,747	78,948	65,788	76,688	86,494	74,647	69,381
PHENMEDIPHAM	53,368	60,237	58,343	62,694	72,060	52,125	62,449
PHORATE	178,479	187,605	125,357	133,392	111,217	123,789	106,427
PHOSMET	209,297	174,281	150,436	136,500	172,539	214,416	236,611
PROFENOFOS	29,892	44,258	62,345	336,830	296,860	211,769	162,204
PROPAMOCARB HYDROCHLORIDE	0	0	0	0	0	23,793	14,677
PROPETAMPHOS	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1
PROPOXUR	2	8	<1	14	5	9	73
S,S,S-TRIBUTYL PHOSPHOROTRITHIOATE	569,961	574,170	652,163	615,978	604,586	531,052	437,505
SODIUM DIMETHYL DITHIO CARBAMATE	0	<1	0	<1	<1	0	0
SULFOTEP	2,071	903	1,191	884	537	408	251
SULPROFOS	18,224	1,252	1,273	896	299	0	83
TETRACHLORVINPHOS	1,381	2,072	553	780	519	674	356
THIOBENCARB	18,846	45,140	65,612	91,906	126,745	159,121	227,658
THIODICARB	0	0	<1	0	22,785	176,788	223,154
TRICHLORFON	4,633	1,991	2,444	818	1,037	204	149
Total	10,771,391	10,235,910	10,270,935	12,043,271	13,656,068	11,660,675	12,135,522

Table 6A. The reported use of pesticides on the groundwater protection list [California Code of Regulations, Title 3, Division 6, Chapter 4, Subchapter 1, Article 1, Section 6800(a)] and norflurazon. Use is given for each year from 1991 through 1997. Use includes both agricultural and non-agricultural use by pounds of active ingredient; Data are from the Department of Pesticide Regulation's Pesticide Use Reports with probable errors removed.

Pounds Applied
Active Ingredient	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997
ATRAZINE	52,556	48,313	44,485	46,497	36,078	57,018	46,568
ATRAZINE, OTHER RELATED	2,792	2,567	2,365	2,480	1,932	3,062	2,502
BENTAZON, SODIUM SALT	1,100	846	1,017	1,175	655	1,518	1,907
BROMACIL	99,906	112,160	117,128	104,052	95,444	98,293	82,424
BROMACIL, DIMETHYLAMINE SALT	<1	0	0	0	0	0	0
BROMACIL, LITHIUM SALT	5,742	4,837	7,045	11,085	6,517	17,381	9,141
DIURON	1,079,083	916,083	1,074,854	1,234,507	1,054,409	1,265,426	1,228,114
NORFLURAZON	141,752	171,375	164,451	154,383	153,138	196,142	212,621
PROMETON	186	87	41	84	117	68	20
SIMAZINE	752,893	887,151	957,812	890,353	837,366	839,209	764,586
Total	2,136,012	2,143,420	2,369,197	2,444,616	2,185,656	2,478,115	2,347,882

Table 6B. The reported use of pesticides on the groundwater protection list [California Code of Regulations, Title 3, Division 6, Chapter 4, Subchapter 1, Article 1, Section 6800(a)] and norflurazon. Use is given for each year from 1991 through 1997; Use includes primarily agricultural uses by cumulative acres treated. The total for acres treated is less than the sum of acres for all active ingredients because some products contain more than one active ingredient. Data are from the Department of Pesticide Regulation's Pesticide Use Reports with probable errors removed.

Cumulative Acres Treated
Active Ingredient	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997
ATRAZINE	21,374	21,425	23,617	32,065	22,234	32,043	27,257
ATRAZINE, OTHER RELATED	21,374	21,425	23,617	32,065	22,234	32,042	27,257
BENTAZON, SODIUM SALT	1,260	894	1,107	1,688	805	1,460	2,010
BROMACIL	69,584	82,090	78,423	65,421	66,289	62,206	58,722
BROMACIL, DIMETHYLAMINE SALT	<1	0	0	0	0	0	0
BROMACIL, LITHIUM SALT	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1
DIURON	348,038	392,716	414,892	454,829	507,279	685,352	819,993
NORFLURAZON	117,279	143,942	142,274	139,498	133,585	179,015	186,991
PROMETON	48	3	11	8	23	27	8
SIMAZINE	544,287	616,551	615,003	589,560	573,735	607,228	613,237
Total	1,033,579	1,179,383	1,198,303	1,218,778	1,238,484	1,505,936	1,651,236

Table 7A. The reported pounds of pesticide active ingredients on the toxic air contaminants list applied in California. These pesticides are the currently registered active ingredients listed in the California Code of Regulations, Title 3, Division 6, Chapter 4, Subchapter 1, Article 1, Section 6860. Use is given for each year from 1991 to 1997. Use includes both agricultural and non-agricultural applications. Data are from the Department of Pesticide Regulation's Pesticide Use Reports with probable errors removed.

Active Ingredient	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997
1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE	13,555	23,998	47,694	2,122	409,821	1,956,846	2,400,930
2,4-D	23,197	26,098	26,462	27,544	23,995	22,089	10,227
2,4-D, 2-ETHYLHEXYL ESTER	4,966	112	12	71	278	10	1,313
2,4-D, ALKANOLAMINE SALTS (ETHANOL AND ISOPROPANOL AMINES)	20,469	32,471	35,378	28,863	30,642	27,954	25,684
2,4-D, BUTOXYETHANOL ESTER	27,554	36,014	47,601	67,414	31,743	38,567	13,263
2,4-D, BUTOXYPROPYL ESTER	584	1,674	1,921	1,166	224	61	13
2,4-D, BUTYL ESTER	0	2	0	1	39	0	0
2,4-D, DIETHANOLAMINE SALT	3,695	5,950	1,572	714	1,938	3,003	24,809
2,4-D, DIMETHYLAMINE SALT	260,635	366,038	350,293	399,046	454,658	468,771	428,874
2,4-D, DODECYLAMINE SALT	1,347	86	0	5	16	8	58
2,4-D, HEPTYLAMINE SALT	0	0	0	0	86	<1	0
2,4-D, ISOOCTYL ESTER	4,022	2,545	2,659	1,212	13,466	7,822	60,356
2,4-D, ISOPROPYL ESTER	2,635	3,362	4,540	4,508	5,077	5,090	6,543
2,4-D, N-OLEYL-1,3-PROPYLENEDIAMINE SALT	8,047	1,708	670	672	37	35	0
2,4-D, OCTYL ESTER	0	0	0	0	15	0	0
2,4-D, PROPYL ESTER	3,303	3,394	2,515	2,326	2,032	1,774	1,575
2,4-D, TETRADECYLAMINE SALT	313	20	0	1	4	2	13
2,4-D, TRIETHYLAMINE SALT	78,395	117,451	107,782	121,241	105,656	93,876	34,610
2,4-D, TRIISOPROPYLAMINE SALT	74	20	10	24	6	2	3
ACROLEIN	204,625	227,022	298,535	336,993	362,773	322,578	341,245
ARSENIC ACID	98,800	72,182	13,014	27,571	37,206	53,777	59,835
ARSENIC PENTOXIDE	201,059	262,017	150,200	86,445	83,814	205,089	64,372
ARSENIC TRIOXIDE	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1
CAPTAN	253,452	295,542	483,507	608,658	734,314	918,588	799,878
CAPTAN, OTHER RELATED	7,461	7,671	12,093	14,890	17,831	21,729	19,448
CARBARYL	935,071	775,078	773,404	820,787	835,811	809,794	753,801
CHLORINE	354,459	417,665	466,825	750,653	2,815,119	330,017	423,469
CHROMIC ACID	279,852	364,900	209,555	120,822	117,092	286,521	89,931
DDVP	5,466	5,224	3,331	4,798	6,063	13,097	13,636
ETHYLENE OXIDE	29	7	1,471	3	0	0	0
FORMALDEHYDE	271,663	5,094	13,322	11,864	153,519	334,548	403,824
HYDROGEN CHLORIDE	745	122	32	206	224	1,938	129
LINDANE	8,590	8,208	9,715	5,281	4,507	4,576	5,388
MANCOZEB	283,715	336,371	446,086	464,924	659,240	567,866	526,364
MANEB	352,155	464,469	625,326	912,903	1,257,122	1,328,318	1,081,124
META-CRESOL	3	3	5	2	2	3	6
METHANOL	2,511	768	1,920	100	27	0	0
METHOXYCHLOR	761	595	1,412	692	1,049	484	358
METHOXYCHLOR, OTHER RELATED	54	46	52	90	139	62	44
METHYL BROMIDE	17,578,480	18,051,774	14,115,900	16,607,324	17,165,964	16,022,069	15,663,832
NAPHTHALENE	1	1	1	1	<1	0	1
PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE	108	82	37	3	2	4	3
PARATHION	675,456	33,913	4,665	6,104	13,642	14,050	5,187
PCNB	90,070	89,999	87,672	91,601	109,755	83,087	89,548
PCP	196,252	107,946	91,123	40	3	3	8
PCP, OTHER RELATED	22,826	12,555	10,596	5	<1	<1	1
PCP, SODIUM SALT	10	0	2,361	0	0	0	0
PCP, SODIUM SALT, OTHER RELATED	1	0	329	0	0	0	0
PHOSPHORUS	159	167	132	29	34	58	14
POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE	0	238	0	0	0	0	0
PROPOXUR	4,374	3,187	2,674	2,667	3,296	1,341	1,760
PROPYLENE OXIDE	111,919	131,091	34,764	41,815	131,593	224,495	198,559
SODIUM CYANIDE	197	120	1,597	1,754	1,347	1,338	2,197
SODIUM DICHROMATE	0	0	0	0	0	180,478	182,185
TRIFLURALIN	1,352,819	1,087,377	1,193,363	1,261,342	1,380,785	1,143,695	1,191,780
XYLENE	46,843	30,216	45,137	29,009	17,965	12,627	8,511
Total	23,792,777	23,412,592	19,729,265	22,866,308	26,989,969	25,508,141	24,934,709

Table 7B. The reported cumulative acres treated in California with each pesticide active ingredient on the toxic air contaminants list. These pesticides are the currently registered active ingredients listed in the California Code of Regulations, Title 3, Division 6, Chapter 4, Subchapter 1, Article 1, Section 6860. Use is given for each year from 1991 to 1997. Use includes primarily agricultural applications. The total for acres treated is less than the sum of acres for all active ingredients because some products contain more than one active ingredient. Data from the Department of Pesticide Regulation's Pesticide Use Reports with probable errors removed.

Active Ingredient	1991	1992	1993	1994	1995	1996	1997
1,3-DICHLOROPROPENE	91	447	823	33	4,174	17,223	22,193
2,4-D	115,952	167,271	156,294	156,563	151,453	137,230	50,709
2,4-D, 2-ETHYLHEXYL ESTER	3,552	28	80	65	385	160	729
2,4-D, ALKANOLAMINE SALTS (ETHANOL AND ISOPROPANOL AMINES)	13,147	29,351	33,132	26,138	22,298	21,872	20,055
2,4-D, BUTOXYETHANOL ESTER	22,483	31,154	35,573	46,343	29,933	35,599	13,504
2,4-D, BUTOXYPROPYL ESTER	5	52	63	100	5	2	51
2,4-D, BUTYL ESTER	0	<1	0	<1	<1	0	0
2,4-D, DIETHANOLAMINE SALT	4,177	24,143	1,710	933	4,683	8,721	88,149
2,4-D, DIMETHYLAMINE SALT	258,308	395,276	388,083	474,599	524,146	540,728	527,870
2,4-D, DODECYLAMINE SALT	1,891	2	0	<1	<1	<1	76
2,4-D, HEPTYLAMINE SALT	0	0	0	0	18	<1	0
2,4-D, ISOOCTYL ESTER	1,448	1,595	220	379	3,497	5,163	35,045
2,4-D, ISOPROPYL ESTER	28,741	48,471	61,243	63,244	72,878	69,081	87,492
2,4-D, N-OLEYL-1,3-PROPYLENEDIAMINE SALT	10,956	2,493	1,475	449	36	26	0
2,4-D, OCTYL ESTER	0	0	0	0	<1	0	0
2,4-D, PROPYL ESTER	44,463	40,929	33,904	28,812	22,655	23,846	21,479
2,4-D, TETRADECYLAMINE SALT	1,891	2	0	<1	<1	<1	76
2,4-D, TRIETHYLAMINE SALT	103,570	161,126	149,513	152,474	146,454	131,679	46,600
2,4-D, TRIISOPROPYLAMINE SALT	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1
ACROLEIN	302	724	243	888	3,190	2,462	1,514
ARSENIC ACID	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1
ARSENIC PENTOXIDE	<1	103	<1	660	<1	<1	<1
ARSENIC TRIOXIDE	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1
CAPTAN	127,668	134,103	212,563	244,164	295,860	381,989	347,631
CAPTAN, OTHER RELATED	123,826	132,927	210,620	244,097	295,831	381,989	347,235
CARBARYL	290,073	322,588	285,046	291,147	305,452	312,058	292,721
CHLORINE	2,800	700	4	<1	290	<1	1,005
CHROMIC ACID	<1	103	<1	660	<1	<1	<1
DDVP	5,530	2,960	683	1,888	1,887	1,499	2,596
ETHYLENE OXIDE	<1	<1	<1	<1	0	0	0
FORMALDEHYDE	106	68	132	15	137	234	12
HYDROGEN CHLORIDE	<1	<1	<1	1	<1	1	<1
LINDANE	21,409	21,737	26,921	22,984	19,380	25,352	36,573
MANCOZEB	148,643	186,333	262,758	273,836	405,494	351,801	284,134
MANEB	216,990	290,011	373,116	512,009	652,122	731,079	624,123
META-CRESOL	2,052	931	1,585	930	1,279	1,309	3,488
METHANOL	10	240	5	<1	<1	0	0
METHOXYCHLOR	320	679	233	220	30	19	131
METHOXYCHLOR, OTHER RELATED	99	187	1	70	5	9	52
METHYL BROMIDE	103,092	124,739	89,220	106,694	107,933	96,507	103,068
NAPHTHALENE	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	0	<1
PARA-DICHLOROBENZENE	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1
PARATHION	423,068	24,579	2,459	3,404	6,688	5,099	2,071
PCNB	62,867	63,638	61,114	55,371	53,079	44,187	29,169
PCP	1	1	<1	2	<1	15	4
PCP, OTHER RELATED	1	1	<1	2	<1	15	4
PCP, SODIUM SALT	<1	0	<1	0	0	0	0
PCP, SODIUM SALT, OTHER RELATED	<1	0	<1	0	0	0	0
PHOSPHORUS	10,479	15,047	7,751	3,435	1,908	69	790
POTASSIUM PERMANGANATE	0	<1	0	0	0	0	0
PROPOXUR	2	8	<1	14	5	9	73
PROPYLENE OXIDE	<1	10	<1	<1	<1	<1	<1
SODIUM CYANIDE	191,856	18,000	<1	82,520	6,040	3,020	84,800
SODIUM DICHROMATE	0	0	0	0	0	<1	<1
TRIFLURALIN	1,186,916	1,039,487	1,195,142	1,160,072	1,282,997	1,086,892	1,131,033
XYLENE	60,307	44,308	48,402	28,673	28,870	24,221	13,568
Total	3,326,109	3,010,123	3,253,793	3,561,613	3,980,659	3,889,449	3,700,280

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